Chemistry Experiment

Trial 1: TLC Analysis of Analgesic Drugs 1/23/2011 Purpose: The objective of this investigation is to test our insight and comprehension of TLC examination by having us do a TLC investigation of analgesics to make sense of their primary concoction segments. Computations: 1. ) Rf = Distance spot voyaged/separation dissolvable voyaged Results: Table 1: TLC Analysis Analgesic Drugs| Rf Value| Acetaminophen| 0. 323| Aspirin| 0. 597| Caffeine| 0. 081| Unknown 154 (Plate 1)| 0. 081, 0. 306, 0. 597| Ibuprofen| 0. 698|Salicyclamide| 0. 587| Unknown 154 (plate 2)| 0. 079, 0. 397, 0. 587| Discussion: The objective of this examination was to utilize TLC Analysis to decide the pain relieving drug present in the obscure arrangement 154. One perception of the obscure spotting arrangement was that it was overcast. Subsequent to shaping the obscure spotting arrangement it was then warmed to make it a progressively soaked arrangement along these lines empowering the spots on the TLC plate to contain a greater amount of the medication making it simpler to contrast it and the other drugs.After the TLC plates were created and imagined first through UV light and afterward through an Iodine chamber ( however no more spots were pictured with iodine chamber) , Rf esteems were then taken of each spot on the plate. The Acetaminophen had an estimation of 0. 323, Aspirin had an estimation of 0. 597, Caffeine had an estimation of 0. 081, Unknown 154 on the primary plate had 3 unique qualities; 0. 081, 0. 306, 0. 597, Ibuprofen had an estimation of 0. 698, Salicylamide had an estimation of 0. 587, and Unknown 154 on the subsequent plate had three unique qualities too; 0. 079, 0. 97, and 0. 587. Through investigation it was resolved that obscure 154 was Aspirin. This was found by contrasting the Rf estimations of all the pain relieving medications to obscure 154. In the wake of contrasting them it was seen that the Rf esteem for Aspirin coordinated one of the Rf esteems for obscure 154 preci sely. The assurance of the obscure was additionally bolstered by taking a gander at the examples in arrangement. Both the obscure 154 and Aspirin were shady in arrangement in this way further supporting the recognizable proof of obscure 154. In this investigation there were not very numerous wellsprings of error.One source could have been that the dishes being utilized might not have been cleaned altogether before utilizing it subsequently perhaps polluting the obscure or the other pain relieving drugs. This Experiment certainly was a productive method to help figure out what sort of medication the obscure 154 was however there are a couple of enhancements that could have been never really better decide the obscure. One improvement could be to look at the dissolvable utilized in light of the fact that various solvents make various detachments between spots.Another improvement could be to likewise run an Infrared Spectroscopy on the obscure and known mixes. Answers to Questions: 1. ) When running TLC plates three basic errors that can be made are utilizing a pen rather than a pencil to check on the plate, utilizing an inappropriate dissolvable, and contacting the plates along these lines getting oil on them. 2. ) The Starting line and the spotting line are set apart with pencil as opposed to pen in light of the fact that the ink from the pen would move with the dissolvable front in this way meddling with the outcomes. 3. ) Acetaminophen Aspirin CaffeineIbuprofen Salicylamide Pretty much the entirety of the utilitarian gatherings can decide the extremity of a compound. This incorporates Amides, Acids, Alcohols, Ketones, Aldehydes, Amines, Esters, Ethers, and Alkanes. Despite the fact that they all can decide the extremity of the compound Amides, Acids, Alcohols, Ketones, and Aldehydes are the most polar and thusly are the best at deciding extremity in mixes. 4. ) In request of expanding extremity Ibuprofen is the least , then it is Aspirin, at that point Salicyl amide, at that point acetaminophen, and Caffeine is the most polar. 5. The Acetic Acid in the TLC dissolvable is utilized to build the extremity of the creating dissolvable along these lines lessening the measure of fascination the polar compound has for the fixed stage. 6. ) TLC is a decent method to decide an obscure, yet not to decide piece of an obscure. One great approach to decide the structure of an obscure is to run an Infrared Spectroscopy which when broke down utilitarian gatherings can be distinguished. Another approach to decide the sythesis of a pain relieving medication could be to run a Mass Spectroscopy which when dissected could decide the natural arrangement of the medication. Science Experiment Investigation 1: TLC Analysis of Analgesic Drugs 1/23/2011 Purpose: The objective of this examination is to test our insight and comprehension of TLC examination by having us do a TLC investigation of analgesics to make sense of their fundamental concoction segments. Counts: 1. ) Rf = Distance spot voyaged/separation dissolvable voyaged Results: Table 1: TLC Analysis Analgesic Drugs| Rf Value| Acetaminophen| 0. 323| Aspirin| 0. 597| Caffeine| 0. 081| Unknown 154 (Plate 1)| 0. 081, 0. 306, 0. 597| Ibuprofen| 0. 698|Salicyclamide| 0. 587| Unknown 154 (plate 2)| 0. 079, 0. 397, 0. 587| Discussion: The objective of this investigation was to utilize TLC Analysis to decide the pain relieving drug present in the obscure arrangement 154. One perception of the obscure spotting arrangement was that it was overcast. In the wake of shaping the obscure spotting arrangement it was then warmed to make it an increasingly immersed arrangement accordingly empowering the spots on the TLC plate to conta in a greater amount of the medication making it simpler to contrast it and the other drugs.After the TLC plates were created and pictured first through UV light and afterward through an Iodine chamber ( however no more spots were imagined with iodine chamber) , Rf esteems were then taken of each spot on the plate. The Acetaminophen had an estimation of 0. 323, Aspirin had an estimation of 0. 597, Caffeine had an estimation of 0. 081, Unknown 154 on the principal plate had 3 distinct qualities; 0. 081, 0. 306, 0. 597, Ibuprofen had an estimation of 0. 698, Salicylamide had an estimation of 0. 587, and Unknown 154 on the subsequent plate had three unique qualities too; 0. 079, 0. 97, and 0. 587. Through investigation it was resolved that obscure 154 was Aspirin. This was found by looking at the Rf estimations of all the pain relieving medications to obscure 154. Subsequent to contrasting them it was seen that the Rf esteem for Aspirin coordinated one of the Rf esteems for obscure 154 precisely. The assurance of the obscure was additionally upheld by taking a gander at the examples in arrangement. Both the obscure 154 and Aspirin were overcast in arrangement therefore further supporting the recognizable proof of obscure 154. In this analysis there were not very numerous wellsprings of error.One source could have been that the china being utilized might not have been cleaned altogether before utilizing it along these lines perhaps tainting the obscure or the other pain relieving drugs. This Experiment unquestionably was a proficient method to help figure out what kind of medication the obscure 154 was however there are a couple of enhancements that could have been never really better decide the obscure. One improvement could be to inspect the dissolvable utilized in light of the fact that various solvents make various divisions between spots.Another improvement could be to likewise run an Infrared Spectroscopy on the obscure and known mixes. Answers to Questions: 1. ) When running TLC plates three regular errors that can be made are utilizing a pen rather than a pencil to check on the plate, utilizing an inappropriate dissolvable, and contacting the plates in this way getting oil on them. 2. ) The Starting line and the spotting line are set apart with pencil as opposed to pen in light of the fact that the ink from the pen would move with the dissolvable front along these lines meddling with the outcomes. 3. ) Acetaminophen Aspirin CaffeineIbuprofen Salicylamide Pretty much the entirety of the useful gatherings can decide the extremity of a compound. This incorporates Amides, Acids, Alcohols, Ketones, Aldehydes, Amines, Esters, Ethers, and Alkanes. Despite the fact that they all can decide the extremity of the compound Amides, Acids, Alcohols, Ketones, and Aldehydes are the most polar and in this way are the best at deciding extremity in mixes. 4. ) In request of expanding extremity Ibuprofen is the least , then it is Aspirin, at that point S alicylamide, at that point acetaminophen, and Caffeine is the most polar. 5. The Acetic Acid in the TLC dissolvable is utilized to expand the extremity of the creating dissolvable accordingly decreasing the measure of fascination the polar compound has for the fixed stage. 6. ) TLC is a decent method to decide an obscure, however not to decide arrangement of an obscure. One great approach to decide the creation of an obscure is to run an Infrared Spectroscopy which when examined practical gatherings can be recognized. Another approach to decide the organization of a pain relieving medication could be to run a Mass Spectroscopy which when dissected could decide the essential sythesis of the medication.

Identify both a federal and state (any state) legislative action that Essay

Recognize both a government and express (any state) authoritative activity that was made because of the issues of local maltreatment - Essay Example Under the VAWA, all Federal abusive behavior at home violations are viewed as crimes and as such culpable with detainment dependent on the injury caused. Infringement of the Gun Control Act additionally incorporates - having a gun as well as ammo after conviction of a passing wrongdoing of aggressive behavior at home. 18 U.S.C. Segment 922(g)(9) The discipline distributed for this wrongdoing is a jail term which ranges from 5years to life detainment relying upon the degree of injury brought about by the respondent. The administrative procedure incorporates dwelling a grumbling, trailed by an enquiry and examination. The official courtroom brings the individual gatherings and after altogether inspecting the subtleties of the case, passes its judgment. The judgment likewise incorporates the jail term and fines if any to be satisfied by the oppressive party. The Federal law likewise loans insurance and backing to the casualties of aggressive behavior at home. Aggressive behavior at home badly affects society thus the Federal Government has found a way to control and forestall it by subsidizing across the country programs identified with incorporation and movement. References Action Plan of the Federal Government www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/vaw/reactions/GERMANYweb Federal abusive behavior at home Laws www.justice.gov/usao/gan/records/federallaws

How to Start a Fashion Blog (From Scratch) 6 Steps to Success

How to Start a Fashion Blog (From Scratch) 6 Steps to Success .elementor-19992 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19992{text-align:center}Last Updated on December 4, 2019 Disclosure As an independent review site, we get compensated if you purchase through the referral links or coupon codes on this page â€" at no additional cost to you. Dismiss alert If you spend time creating the perfect outfits and admiring the latest high-street or catwalk trends, then making a blog can be a great way to share your passion with the world.However, starting a fashion blog can be daunting and you might not know where to begin. The good news is you don’t need to be an HTML expert to manage your own website and blogging isn’t about being a professional, it’s about being honest and engaging.I’m here to help you and I’ve devised an easy guide to show you just how to start a fashion blog. Heres how to start a fashion blog1. Start your fashion blog in a unique way2. Choose a great blog name3. Make it look professional4. Make sure you are blogging regular ly5. Stay true to your style6. Grow your fashion blogs audienceHeres how to start a fashion blog1. Start your fashion blog in a unique wayBefore you start why not take a look at other fashion blogs to see what other people are doing. Rather than copying them, spend some time thinking about what you can do better and what you can offer that isn’t already out there.There’s no harm in taking inspiration from the best but that’s not enough to know how to create a successful fashion blog. You need to understand your uniqueness and make sure that your blog is a celebration of just that.Standing out from the crowd is a great way to get noticed when you’re a newbie, so spend some time planning creative and original posts that will help people get to know who you are and what you’re about. Join the FREE TrainingDo You Want To Learn How To Build 6 Figures Authority Sites?Join This Free Training To...Finally have a proven method to finding profitable nichesGet access to a foolproof k eyword research methodLearn how to outsource quality contentLearn how to build white hat links to your site without headaches Also, make sure you explain who you are and why you’re different to other blogs in an ‘About Me’ section â€" people want to get to know you and this will help you build a relationship with your readers.2. Choose a great blog nameWhen starting a fashion blog the blog name is key â€" it represents who you are and what you love. Furthermore, it should also be memorable and easy to spell. If it’s too complicated or wacky then people may struggle to remember it or find it on a search engine.Your name will represent you for years to come so avoid anything that reflects current trends or fashion, otherwise, you may end changing your name and confusing your reader base.When thinking up a name you should also consider the different platforms you will use to promote yourself. If you’d like to link a Twitter or Instagram account to your blog, then choose a name that will work across all of these sites.Before you commit to your choice, check to see if there are any sites out there with a similar name, you don’t want people searching for you to end up on someone else’s site instead!3. Make it look professionalI’ll let you into a secret: you don’t have to be a professional to know how to make a fashion blog look great. Using a well-established host site is a great way to have a smart-looking website and you can customize the look and feel of the blog with killer themes and layouts. Your theme should represent you and your blog, this is particularly important for a fashion blog as it’s all about aesthetics. The good news is that there are thousands of themes available online for you to choose from, with both free and paid options.Keeping your content clean and organized will also help you look experienced and more important, it will make your website user-friendly.Choose some key categories that you might want to blog about, w hether it’s ordered by clothing type, season or trend and add these as tabs at the top of your homepage.In each section, you can have sub-categories to allow your readers to explore your content in more depth. If you need the inspiration of how to take great fashion photos, check out this YouTube tutorial for tips and ideas.4. Make sure you are blogging regularlyThe fashion world moves quickly and lets face it: there’s some stiff competition. But don’t let that put you off, the best way to stay relevant and ahead of the competition is to keep active and upload content soon after having a new idea. If not, someone else might just beat you to it!Your followers will want to keep in touch with your latest fashion advice, but don’t feel pressured to post content for the sake of it.It’s ok to schedule posts in advance, but if it’s just filler content with no real substance then your readers will see through it. Posts should be organic and relevant to the latest trends.5. Stay true to your styleRemember that your blog is a celebration of you and your style, not someone else’s. With so many successful fashion blogs out there, it can be hard to know how to become a fashion blogger and stay true to who you are.My advice is not to be tempted to start following the crowd. Your loyal readers will be disappointed with disingenuous posts and new readers will be able to see through a fashion faker.6. Grow your fashion blogs audienceEver wondered how fashion bloggers make money? First, they need to grow their following and then doors open for paid adverts and featured content. So once you’ve got a blog that you’re proud of â€" let people know!Get active on social media and list your site on search engines to get discovered. For a guide on how to boost traffic to your website, take a look at my pre-prepared guide.By following these simple steps, anyone can learn how to start a fashion blog. The most important rules to remember are:Be original â€" find your voi ceCome up with a memorable nameMake it look greatKeep it up to date with regular postsDon’t fake itTell the world about your great new blogYour blog should showcase your love of fashion and be a form of creative expression, so last but not least: have fun with it!

The Shakespearean Canon - 1325 Words

Clowns to the Left of Me, Jokers to the Right: Lear’s Fool and Cymbeline’s Cloten and Their Social Significance Clowns and Jesters abound throughout the Shakespearean canon, and the Bard’s later plays are no exception. In this paper I plan to examine the later Shakespearean fool, particularly King Lear’s Fool and Cymbeline’s Cloten and how they represent various political and social ideas. First, I will examine the historical significance of both Fool and Cloten’s station, their historic relevance, and similarities to other socio-political archetypes. Next, I will look at how Lear’s Fool and Cloten reflect the idea of progress by revolutionary derailment of main characters inspiring monarchical overturn and progress. Third, I will†¦show more content†¦For Cloten, if the shirt, that is, the mantle he bears is stained with blood – status and family he will â€Å"shift† it, subtly suggesting that if blood ties are what deter his ambition, he has every intent to seek change in them. Both The Fool and Cloten display tinges of revolution ary behavior. They work in different ways as disrupters and agents of change for the main characters, either on purpose or principle. As stated before, Lear’s Fool is a paradox of station. Low in class representation, he is an agent of persuasion to the aging former monarch still laboring under the delusion that he has any power. He walks the fine line of a double edged sword of critiquing the character whose favor The Fool’s own livelihood and indeed life depend on. With the prowess of a bee, he insults Lear, as a matter of correcting unsound thought: â€Å"Thou hads’t little wit in thy bald crown when thou gavest thy golden one† (1.4.130-132). The Fool is folly personified, and yet as Stephen Greenblatt says in the plays introduction, his, â€Å"unnerving perceptive observations sound far more corrosive than loving† (Norton 2331). His acts are corrective for Lear and do, at length, work to coerce him back to a more virtuous and informed th ought. Cloten, conversely the over entitled blood-noble prat, is the proverbial dog chasing the car. He comes close to capturing the crown, but his ineptness makes the reader of viewer wonder what exactly he would doShow MoreRelatedThe Argument for Shakespeare Being the Real Author1528 Words   |  7 PagesOxford. However, these people do not have strong or valid arguments to support their theories. Based on biographical evidence, Shakespeare, not Edward de Vere, most likely wrote Shakespearean works. The arguments for other candidates like de Vere are not strong enough to show that Shakespeare did not write Shakespearean works. The argument for Edward de Vere does sound plausible at first. Many connections have been made to Oxfords life and Hamlet (Bethell). Some of these connections are how OxfordRead More Shakespeare Essay example1453 Words   |  6 Pageslack of documentary evidence. The Elizabethans did not believe in getting everything in writing as people do today. Therefore, the truth may never be known with certainty. However, evidence does exist to support at least two theories about the Shakespearean authorship: one that the man from Stratford wrote the works, the other that Edward de Vere the Earl of Oxford was the author. The question then becomes, which argument does the majority of the evidence support? Could a writer as prolific, insightfulRead MoreThe Theme of Revenge in Hamlet Essay example932 Words   |  4 Pagesthe afterlife is like. Even in the play itself, Hamlet talks about the â€Å"unknown world† that we are all afraid of. As Rose puts it, â€Å"the prince considers the possibility of† â€Å"suicide, only to remind himself that against this stands another sort of â€Å"canon,† one fixed by God† (1). The ghost plays a big part in Hamlet’s quest for vengeance. As Mark Rose notes: â€Å"â€Å"Speak,† Hamlet says to the ghost, â€Å"I am bound to hear,† and the ghost in his reply picks up the significant word â€Å"bound† and throws it backRead MoreHamlets Loss of Faith1323 Words   |  6 PagesHamlet, Hamlet’s uncle Claudius, murders Hamlet’s father to inherit the crown of Denmark and the love of Hamlet’s mother, Gertrude. Throughout the play there are six soliloquies that reveal the character of Hamlet and others. In more than any other Shakespearean play, the audience is painted a better picture of Hamlet’s mind. Shakespeare questions the social and Christian institutions in the face of tragedy with the usage of several ambiguous phrases. Through word play and tone shifts, Hamlet’s collapsingRead MoreFilm Adaptation Of Shakespeare s The Tempest1122 Words   |  5 Pages come to Caliban s rescue. 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O, o, o, o.2 The four letters following silence are easily one of the most neglected utterances in the canon, surprising enough in a play in which hardly a single punctuation mark has been left unscrutinized and uncommented on.3 Most editions either ignore them completely or dismiss them as some actors invention. An honourable early exception is the editionRead MoreEssay on Shakespeare as a Real Man in Shakespeare in Love2553 Words   |  11 Pagescomplex characters. Shakespeare in Love combines in a way both. The film applauds the brilliance of Shakespearean writing through the lines directly taken from Shakespeare, while at the same time exploring a fictional depiction of his true love and life. When you deconstruct the script, Shakespeare in Love is built in perfect Shakespearian form. Virtually a Shakespearean plot in itself, it mixes a great story with bits and pieces of history (whether fact or not); lies and Read MoreThe Tragic Hero Of Hamlet By William Shakespeare1252 Words   |  6 Pagesthat the Everlasting had not fixed His canon ‘gainst self-slaughter! O God, God!† (Hamlet, I.ii.129-133) he is asking why God had to make killing one’s self a sin. This phrase as well as the rest of the soliloquy is Hamlet torn up in grief over the death of this father. His grief goes on from this first act all the way through his death in act 5. â€Å"To be, or not to be? That is the question,† (Hamlet, III.i.57) is one of the most quotable lines in the Shakespearean world. This line further illustratesRead More Rating Othello1404 Words   |  6 PagesRating Othello  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   Is this Shakespearean tragedy Othello at the top of the rating chart, or is it just near the top? And why? This essay intends to examine various aspects of this subject, along with critical opinion.    This play ranks near the top. The Bard’s presentation of emotions, character, of good and evil actions that are down-to-earth – these are sometimes seen as the main reasons for the high ranking of Othello. Louis B. Wright and Virginia A. LaMar in â€Å"The Engaging QualitiesRead More tempcolon Confronting Colonialism and Imperialism in Aime Cesaires A Tempest1403 Words   |  6 PagesCaliban and Ariel as the exploited natives.   Cesaire’s A Tempest is an effective response to Shakespeare’s The Tempest because he interprets it from the perspective of the colonized and raises a conflict with Shakespeare as an icon of the literary canon.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In The Tempest by William Shakespeare one might argue that colonialism is a reoccurring theme throughout the play because of the slave-master relationship between Ariel and Caliban and Prospero.   It is also noticeable through the major

The Tale Of The 4 Train - 985 Words

The tale of the 4 train depicts the story of the type of people that already live in Jerome Avenue, and those who don’t. As the 4 train keeps going uptown towards the Bronx, there are less white people and t people of color become the majority of the subway riders. Eventually the train makes its last stop in Manhattan when it reaches the 125th street stop, the train is then filled black and brown faces, and there aren’t any other white faces unless its game day at the Yankee Stadium. The people that are coming from one of the richest zip codes, Wall Street, and those in between are long gone; and the people that have endured the long train ride uptown are left to ride the train along Jerome Avenue. This image somehow reflects the white flight that occurred decades earlier in the Bronx, as people of color settled while white people moved out as the borough experienced urban decay. Not only did the Bronx survive, but so did the people of color that dealt and endured the h arsh realities that still lingers in the Bronx in present day. New York City has gone through drug epidemics, high levels of poverty, white flight and other factors that contributed to urban decay. However, the Bronx became the national poster city for urban decay, famously known for its arsonry that plagued the borough. The Bronx could not shake off for decades the quote that described its suffering, when the media announced â€Å"The Bronx is burning.† Although the levels of crime and drug use, and other factorsShow MoreRelatedA Quick Look at Thomas Alva Edison683 Words   |  3 Pagestelecoms. His sophisticated work in these fields was an outgrowth of his very early occupation as a telegraph operator. His very first power station was on Pearl Street in Manhattan, New York. Contents 1 Very early life 2 Telegrapher 3 Marriages and kids 4 Beginning his career 5 Menlo Park 5.1 Carbon telephone transmitter 5.2 Electric light 6 Electric power distribution 6.1 War of currents 7 Other creations and jobs 7.1 Fluoroscopy 7.2 Media innovations 8 West Orange and Fort Myers (1886-- 1931). 9 LastRead MoreThe Four Noble Truths Of Buddhism1642 Words   |  7 PagesBuddhism as this is a plan for dealing with the suffering of humanity. The sufferings that humanity faces are physical and or mental. The Four Noble Truths are: 1. Life is Suffering 2. Suffering is caused by desire 3. It is possible to end suffering 4. There is a path to follow to end suffering. There are things in our life that cause our suffering. The desire and ignorance that are inside of people is the roof of all suffering. Desires are the cravings of pleasure, wealth, material objects, timeRead MoreAnalysis Of Maus s A Bottle 1018 Words   |  5 PagesKayla Stevenson Mrs. Tims English 4 Honors 04 February 2016 Wit in a Bottle Knowledge is the key to power. The Holocaust was one of the most devastating events in human history. Maus is a graphic novel told about Art Spiegelman’s father Vladek, a holocaust survivor. He was one of the many millions persecuted for who they were. They lose jobs, homes, freedom, and the list goes on. On top of that the Holocaust was not something Jews could run from. They had curfews and needed permission to leave. WhatRead MoreQuestions On Reading And Debating1023 Words   |  5 Pagespersonalities of the North Wind and the Sun.   The North Wind makes me think of an aggressive personality type.   Mainly, since it is football season then the story makes me think of two men (I picked males because I just heard this conversation on my train ride the other day), discussing their favorite team. Each one keeps trying to one up each other that their favorite team is better and stronger than the other ones. The North Wind will try with all his might to force the coat off the man as he walksRead MoreDet Gav En 4.1252 Words   |  6 Pagesmodifications and body art are seen as signs of strength and self-esteem. | |Forklaring: |Det er flertal, sà ¥ man laver by some people om til †they are.† | |4. | | |Rettelse: |The method of stretching ears presented in Haworth’s article sounds rather painfulRead MoreWalt Disney : The Man Behind These Characters, And The Creation Of One Of The World1039 Words   |  5 PagesAND MANY MORE. A BOY BORN IN CHICAGO, IL AND MADE HIS WAY TO HOLLYWOOD, CA CREATED MANY OF THE GREATEST CARTOON CHARACTERS AND BROUGHT FAIRY TALES TO LIFE. THE DISNEY NAME IS KNOWN NOT ONLY FOR CARTOONS BUT MOVIES, TELEVISION, RADIO, AND THE CREATION OF ONE OF THE WORLD’S LARGEST AMUSEMENT PARKS. WALT WAS BORN IN CHICAGO, IL IN 1901, ONE OF FIVE CHILDREN, 4 BOYS AND 1 GIRL. BY 1906 HIS FAMILY HAD MOVED TO A FARM IN MISSOURI. IT WAS DURING THIS TIME THAT WALT BECAME INTERESTED IN DRAWING. ATRead MoreThe Great Train Robbery And The Narrative Structure Of Silent Cinema1168 Words   |  5 PagesThis essay will analyse and discuss The Great Train Robbery (1903) in relation to the narrative structure of silent cinema. The Edison Manufacturing Co, with the estimated budget of $150, produced The Great Train Robbery. Directed by Edwin S. Porter the film has a runtime of 11 minutes, with an aspect ratio of 1:33:1. The film was printed on 35mm hand coloured film and ran at 18 (FPS). The film was later released on December 1st 1903; the majority of the film was shot in New Jersey, USA. A fantasticRead MoreThe Great Train Robbery And The Narrative Structure Of Silent Cinema1182 Words   |  5 PagesJoshua Cragg - Film History and Theory 1 Assessment Task 1 (Word count: 1053) This essay will analyse and discuss The Great Train Robbery (1903) in relation to the narrative structure of silent cinema. The Edison Manufacturing Co, with the estimated budget of $150, produced The Great Train Robbery. Directed by Edwin S. Porter the film has a runtime of 11 minutes, with an aspect ratio of 1:33:1. The film was printed on 35mm hand coloured film and ran at 18 (FPS). The film was later released on DecemberRead MoreThe Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka864 Words   |  4 Pagesessay two works of literature will be analyzed having regard to the issue of betrayal revealed therein. The work of art to be analyzed first will be The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka. The Metamorphosis is a surreal story by Franz Kafka surrounding the tale of Gregor Samsa, who wakes up one day, reborn into a large insect. He wants to live a normal life, unfortunately, this is impossible because he cannot even get out of bed. Gregor transformation into an insect is a vivid metaphor for the alienation Read MoreComparison Of Romulus And Remus And The Story Of Cain And Abel706 Words   |  3 Pagesmyth Romulus and Remus giving a mythological origin to the Roman civilization. Meanwhile, the story of Cain and Abel revolves around favoritism and criticism. These two different interpretations are only one of the many differences between the two tales. However, both of them can be classified as creation myths, with Romulus and Remus creating the city of Rome, and Cain creating the city of Enoch. With this in mind, the two creation stories containing Romulus and Remus and Cain and Abel are both not

Hobbes vs Hume Essay examples - 988 Words

Prathyusha Guduru In the history of philosophy, two of the most prominent philosophers were Hobbes and Hume. Both made important contributions to the world of ethics. One of the main important things they differed on is reason. Hobbs felt that reason is way to seek peace but Hume felt the reason is only a slave to passions. In the following paragraphs, you will see how Hobbes and Hume explain their different views on reason the theories of the two philosophers are analyzed in depth, so that we can have a comprehensive understanding. Thomas Hobbes, an English philosopher published his masterwork, the Leviathan, in 1651. This book influenced western philosophy with its view on the Social Contract theory. A social contract†¦show more content†¦Hobbes believes that by being rational beings, and reasoning out things, we can all live a little more peacefully. David Hume was a Scottish philosopher known for being an empiricist and for being skeptical of religion. Like Hobbes, he was also a big influence on western philosophy. Among his many works, his major writing include, treatise of human nature and enquiry concerning the principles of morals. In an enquiry concerning the principles of morals, Hume introduces his fovarism towards the role of sentiment. He argued reason solely cannot be a motive of any action and that reason can never resist the motive of passion reason is, and ought only to be the slave of the passions,(pg 415). He explains that Moral distinctions are developed from the moral sentime nts such as feelings of approval and disapproval felt by an action. Hume believes that pleasure and pain are the causes of the passions that drive our actions. According to Hume, it is the pleasure and pain that are the causes of the passions which drives our actions. He claims that it is the actual experience of the pain or pleasure, not the reason we adduce to their causes that drives us to act.† Morals excite passions, and produce or prevent actions. Reason of itself is utterly impotent in this particular. The rules of morality, therefore, are notShow MoreRelatedComparing Compatibilism Vs Incompatibilism : A Compatibilist View1332 Words   |  6 PagesCompatibilism vs Incompatibilism: a compatibilist view Does determinism imply that there is no free will, as the incompatibilists argue, or does it allow for free will, as the compatibilists argue? Determinism is the doctrine, that every event, as well as human actions is determined by causes that are independent to the will. From determinism, two opposing views were identified. The incompatibilists view that determinism implies no free will, or the compatibilists view that determinism still allowsRead MorePhi2010 Philosophy Research Project. Madison Lee. 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Flood free essay sample

Rushing waves devoured my saddened soul, the day they also devoured my home. It was a day to be celebrated. Mothers all around the world would accept gifts, from the heart, from loved ones. A day that would be burned into their memories forever. Especially my mother’s. Happiness filled the gloomy, rain-stained air. Week long storms made the air heavy against my sweat-soaked skin. My body was too tired to move. But every time I would try to sleep, my half functioning brain wouldn’t let me. It knew that once I slipped out of consciousness again, the reoccurring nightmare would come haunt my inner most thoughts, leaving my body in an unreliable, restless state. Faced against the disgusting, crayon-stained, banana colored, â€Å"wall†, I sighed with great exasperation. If walls could talk, this specific one would have a story to tell, I thought to myself. It would tell of children with visions of becoming artists, as to which are beautifully illustrated on this maste rful canvas. What master pieces, what creativity. All of a sudden, a jolt of great force against my shoulder interrupted my daydream. Again it hit me like lightning zooming from Zeus’s immortal arm, on top of Mt. Olympus. That was followed by an all to familiar, raspy, whisper in my ear. â€Å"Wake up!† it bellowed. I gave a grunt of recognition and pulled the covers up over my head. Then I tried to pretend as if I was asleep, ignoring him once again. That never worked with him. He was never sympathetic of my lack of sleep. One last boom came from his mouth, echoing through my head. â€Å"Okay, I’m up!† I replied. I closed my eyes, and gave a loud sigh of unwillingness. â€Å"No†, the mountainous echo called, originating from the passage where light would seep in and disrupt my beauty rest. â€Å" Get up! It’s Mother’s Day and your helping.† A quickened glance at the clock revealed that it was even too early for my father to be strutting ab out. Once I ripped the covers off, I was blasted with cold, winter-like air, though mid-May, causing my body to mold massive goose bumps all over. My legs were like rubber as I ambled across the room, aimlessly searching for the unfortunate, nonexistent light switch. Piles of clothing had magnetized towards my uncoordinated feet. Blindness filled my pupils. Blurry visions skewed the view of my pestering younger brother. As he silently reached into my room and turned on the light, his happiness-draining laugh filled my mind with overwhelming irritation. I chased him down the hall, leaving behind my once tired self. Particles of thick smoke, containing the smell of bacon, sausage, and pancakes, enveloped us as soon as we entered the kitchen. The traditional Mother’s Day breakfast would never be the same. I knew something was wrong when I stared into my father’s unshaved, stress revealing, wrinkle crested face. He unsteadily laughed at me, while he watched me try to catch my breath. He read my mind once he noticed my penetrating stare. Slowly, he pointed at the bay window. â€Å"It’s rising a foot every half an hour,† was his response to my astonished face. Our house was nestled about one hundred feet from a river. Half way between our house and the river was a giant Weeping Willow, to which the water had risen. Was this how Mother Nature celebrated this special day? It was rushing toward the house like high tide. I stared in devastation and astonishment, watched, and waited. I gazed with great interest as two massive men pulled one of neighbors out of his home. He was as willing to leave, as a rock star would have been to leave a Barbie convention (as my 7th grade Language Arts teacher would have put it.) It was almost as if our neighbor knew the fate of his humble abode. I watched in total awe as the two rock like men lifted the tiny, elderly being off of his front porch and into an inflated raft, hauling him around like a toddler wh eeling a bright red wagon. Breakfast was ready, and it was time to wake my mother from her slumber, where nothing like this could happen. She was probably more comfortable there, than she would ever be in reality, I thought to my self. I faintly heard my dad, down the hall, break the news to my mother, in the most creative way. â€Å"Happy Mother’s Day!† his silly voice reverberated, â€Å"Now pack up we have to leave.† For about an hour, we packed 2 sets of clothing, and â€Å"just in case†, we picked up everything off of the floors and put them all into higher, less accessible places. Soon they would be coming for us. The water had reached our front steps, spreading evenly across our front lawn. My father had put palettes for us to walk on, if we needed to. Heavy rocks held the palettes in place so the rising water didn’t pull them out into the abyss. I heard hefty, muscular footsteps thump against our wooden steps. A swift rap at the door followed. That tapping at the door was telling my mind it was going to be okay, but my heart said different. I couldn’t tell if the knots in my stomach were coming from nerves, or hunger. Breakfast was cancelled for those who chose, or were forced, to help gather overnight bags and such. Deafen ing questions raced through my head. Creating an enormous migraine, which I would find out later, was the least of my problems. Well, the ‘Happy’ was diminished. But was it still Mother’s Day, wasn’t it? My father’s thunderous voice continued to shout, as the rapping on the door increased in vitality. His yells were followed by a brief ‘manly’ discussion between my father and the husky firefighter. When the firefighter finally left, my father beckoned my mother into the kitchen. They whispered almost silently. I could tell that my mother was trying to keep everyone calm and orderly as we helped each other pack for another half an hour. About an hour later, we were all ready with our coats on, and something to do in the car ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬- a game boy, a book, crayons, and coloring books. Never did I think that that was the last night that would be spent at that house. As I had walked up hill behind our house leading to our neighbor†™s house, where the cars had been parked hours earlier. If anything like that had run through my mind, I would have broke down and cried, and never stopped. I was unusually calm unusually calm, almost as if someone else’s spirit had inhabited my body, or may be I was set into autopilot. Or may be it was the dark, and dreary atmosphere of celebratory extents. If my mind just focused on the thought of Mother’s Day, everything would be all right. Maybe, just maybe. The car ride seemed to take forever. Mainly because when my siblings would ask where we were going, the response was â€Å" For a ride†, or â€Å"I don’t know†. Now when those terrifying words left my father’s lips, I knew something drastic was happening, or he was taking us to a surprise restaurant and everything would be okay. It didn’t help any that all the roads were closed, and we were all hungry. The entire time my fingers were crossed, that we were just going out to e at. Approximately 2 hours later, the roads seemed familiar to me. Oh, no! I thought. We were in the town of Weare. Where my aunt and uncle live, with their two teenage boys. By the time we got there-taking all the detours humanly possible-it was time for dinner. Claustrophobic, wasn’t precisely the word to describe the 3-bedroom, one bathroom, trailer. But it was the closest that came to my mind after a few weeks were spent there, with my entire immediate family of six living in one room. Unfortunately, my entire summer vacation was spent there, from May 14th – August 31st. Relationships were torn apart, tensions rose, there was no absolutely no privacy. I lost myself, and I wasn’t sure life was worth living. But one thing was for sure†¦Mother’s Day will never hold as much passion as it did. The worse thing that could have happened†¦did. Our household was totaled (including our happy-go-lucky attitudes)†¦ on Mother’s Day, one of the most celebrated, and happiest, American holidays that exist. Hopelessness grabbed me at every possible moment. A never-ending flood of warm tears rushed down my face, hours at a time. From May 14th to August 31st, we were homeless. No privacy, and never any time to myself. I felt captive, there was nowhere to run, no safe place to seclude myself in. As well, deep sympathy for my mother also crowded my head. She did all of the: cleaning, grocery shopping, and cooking. She didn’t know what to do with herself. My days consisted of sitting in my mother’s Chevy Lumina, trying to read Mary Higgins Clark novels through watery eyes, trying to get as much alone time as possible. But it still wasn’t the same. To make matters worse, all summer long, it was down pour, after down pour. Thunderstorms galore. Each one causing more pain than the one before. Memories of my friends, my school, my room, and my past life†¦all washed away.

Charlemagne Essays (3025 words) - Carolingian Dynasty,

Charlemagne Throughout history, there have been many good and bad rulers, from the bravery of Alexander the Great, to the madness of George III. None, however, helped shape European feudalism like Charlemagne, King of the Franks, First of the Holy Roman Emperors. His advancements in government were not his only advancements though. He created an educational system for his people. While far behind the public and private educational systems of today, in the 8th and 9th century, it was a start. He also helped spread Christianity throughout Europe. Born in Northern Europe in 752, he was to become one of history's great leaders, and precursor to the Holy Roman Empire. Brief History of the Line of Frankish kings. In 481, Clovis became king of one of the Frankish tribes. Because of a bet he made with his wife, he became Christian, and he forced 3,000 of his soldiers to become Christian also. This would eventually gain the support of the Catholic Church for both himself and the Franks. However, Clovis's qualities as a leader were not passed on to his sons, and on Clovis's death, his sons divided the kingdom that he worked to build. Later Merovingian kings became inept at ruling the kingdom, and eventually became kings in just name only. The business of ruling the kingdom was left to the "Mayor of the Palace". In 751, Pope Zacharias arranged for Childeric III to be sent to a monastery and for Pepin, Mayor of the Palace, to be crowned king. But, the alliance between the Papacy and the Franks would soon be tested. Aistulf, king of the Lombards, captured lands north of Rome and announced his intention to capture Rome itself. In an attempt by the Papacy to prevent this disaster, the Pope sent out to ask Pepin the Short, for his assistance in dealing with the Lombards. He would eventually defeat the Lombards in battle, and the land that was gained was given to the Catholic Church, in the Donation of Pepin which created the Papal States. Birth and Parentage, and Childhood Charles I, or Charlemagne was born in 742. He was the son of Pepin the Short and Bertrada. Little is known about his childhood, other than the fact that he liked riding horses and hunting. He attempted to learn how to write, but was unsuccessful. He did however learn how to speak fluently in Latin, despite his attempt at learning how to write. Charlemagne's roots can be traced back to Ansegis, Mayor of Austrasia and Begga. His most famous ancestors however, were his father and grandfather, Pepin the Short and Charles Martel, respectively. After the death of Pepin the Short, Charlemagne and his brother Carloman were proclaimed kings by their supporting nobles, and were anointed by their respective bishops. Military Successes During his life In 769, Aquitaine and Gascony broke into rebellion. Charlemagne was forced to try to crush these rebellions without his brother's assistance. Charlemagne marched his army through Bordeaux and defeated the rebel leader, Hunold. Duke Hunold was to flee to the protection of Lupus, Duke of the Gascons. But Duke Lupus agreed to give up Duke Hunold to Charlemagne, and was granted peace. Hunold was not executed, but was returned to monastic alive. After the reconquest of Aquitaine, his mother tried to get Charlemagne to reconcile with his brother, but he was already making treaties with rulers that surrounded Carloman's kingdom. To try and seal the peace with Lombardy, he married the daughter of the king of Lombardy, Desiderata. Pope Stephen III did not like this marriage, for they encouraged Frankish kings to weaken the power of the Lombards, whose territories bordered upon it's own. He then made an alliance with her father, Desiderius, which made the Pope give up his objections to the marriage. However, after one year, Charlemagne divorced his wife and married Hildegarde, a Suabian noblewoman. In 771, there was a fear that Carloman, Charlemagne's brother, and Desiderata would create an alliance and attack Charlemagne, but in December of that year, Carloman died, leaving Charlemagne in complete control of the Frankish Kingdom. In 772, Charlemage led an army into Saxony, in his first attempt to conquer the region. He then destroyed the Irminsul, a sacred temple and tree grove worshipped by all Saxony. He could have continued his invasion, but winter prevented it, and when he reconvened his army in 773, Charlemagne had changed his mind and had decided to attack Lombardy. His army marched from Geneva toward Lombardy. Charlemagne's army was spilt into two groups, one commanded by him

The Fall Of Cocialism On Animal Farm essays

The Fall Of Cocialism On Animal Farm essays History shows that socialism is a theory that many people try, but few succeed at. This very idea of socialism is tried on Animal Farm when Old Major, a wise elderly pig who feels his time on earth is almost up, has a vision that the animals of Manor Farm can gain independence from their human owners. Even though Old Major soon dies his dream lives on with the other animals as they later successfully revolt and drive their human owners away creating their own farm which they name Animal Farm. The pigs immediately take charge and a socialist system is set up by the animals. At first this Socialist system works well and appears to be going in the direction of a perfect communism, but soon reality sets in and the farm changes into a system that more closely represents a totalitarian dictatorship. Soon after the successful animal rebellion two rival pigs step up to try to lead the other animals in this new socialist system that has been set up. These two pigs first create a system they call Animalism and immediately devise a set of seven commandments that are then painted on the side of the big barn, and will make all animals equal. The Socialist system works very well at first as all the animals work very hard and the farm is working like a well oiled machine. The only animal that doesnt seem to quite be fulfilling their responsibilities is the horse named Molly. On the other hand, the horse named Boxer does three times the work of anyone else and the animals look up to him. Beasts of England, which is a song the animals originally sang seven times the night of the rebellion, is also sung to keep their morales high. Every morning to start of the day a meeting is held in the barn. During these meetings the rival pigs do most of the talking. One rival pig, named Snowba ll, speaks of improvement in the farm and a chance for the animals to work less and gain more by working togeth...

The Relevance of Attachment Theory and Mother-Infant Bonding to the Essay

The Relevance of Attachment Theory and Mother-Infant Bonding to the Practice of Music Therapy - Essay Example The Attachment Theory The attachment theory was postulated by a British psychiatrist named John Bowlby and it was further elaborated on by his colleague who an American developmental psychologist is named Mary Ainsworth (Sigelman & Rider, 2009, p. 406). â€Å"The theory was grounded primarily on ethological theory and therefore asked how attachment might have evolved† (Sigelman & Rider, 2009). This theory also derived some of its concepts from psychoanalytic theory as stressed by Sigelman and Rider (2009). â€Å"According to Bowlby , an attachment is a strong affection tie that binds a person to an intimate companion; moreover, it is also a behavioural system through which humans regulate their emotional distress when under threat and achieve a sense of security by seeking proximity to another person† (Sigelman & Rider, 2009, p. 407). In addition, Bowlby argued that just as infants are programmed to respond to their caregivers, adults are biologically programmed to resp ond to an infant's signals; accordingly, it is rather daunting for an adult to ignore a baby's cry or fail to warm to a baby's grin (Sigelman & Rider, 2009). ... motional adversity in childhood; in both cases Bowlby supposed that the children went on to develop a range of behavioural, emotional and mental health problems (Oldfield et al., 2008). Central to the thinking of attachment theory is that a child has to believe that an attachment figure is present both psychologically as well as physically; Bowlby discovered that an attachment figure who was physically present and yet emotionally absent could arose similar feelings of anxiety and distress as an attachment figure who physically absent (Oldfield et al., 2008). Significantly, for children to thrive they need a close, continuous care-giving relationship: an attachment figure who is available and responsive to their needs as stressed by Oldfield et al. (2008). In relation to the attachment theory, music therapy, for example, has been a known measure in helping adopted children to deal with their tragic experiences in the past that may have been liable for their present behaviour. â€Å"M usic therapy, being an important non-verbal medium, allows children to go back to the early moments in their life and to process their daunting experiences† (Oldfield et al., 2008). In addition, the non-verbal nature of music therapy enables adoptive parents to respond to their adopted child in a new way, persuading the child to value their new family; working in this way enables a child to become more securely attached as they develop trust and security in their adoptive parents (Oldfield et al., 2008). In lieu of this process, the music therapist functions as the facilitator in building healthy relationships within the family (Oldfield et al., 2008). The Strange Situation Mary Ainsworth is a significant figure in the attachment theory of Bowlby for the reason that she studied attachment

The Alcan Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Alcan Organization - Essay Example The company is highly vertically integrated having eight deposits and mines, seven alumina plants with a transport networks including rail and port facilities, seven alumina refineries, 12 electric power plants, 170 packaging material plants, 26 smelter, 50 engineered product plants and 18 laminated product plants (INDUSTRY CANADA, 2005). In an attempt to understand the Alcan’s IT structure, this paper explores a range of issues that are linked to the Alcan Organization as an IT oriented organization. This includes its organization and operating technology, its dominant IT Strategies and Practices, technological contributions linked to the organization, its technological barriers, as well as its business continuity plan. Organization and Operating Technology. In the Alcan Company, all groups are centrally coordinated. The information and technology organization works on the objectives of the organization rather than for each specific business IT group. The requirements of each group such as its activities are closely linked and cooperation amongst the business IT groups is up to date (Foster, 2007). The wish of the IT individuals is always to fulfill the particular demands of the whole organization and it is worth noting that estimating and analyzing of the costs of IT for the whole organization is achievable (Dube, & Roy, 2009). ... The group that is concerned with financial and other includes 14 resources that are divided among Singen, Montreal, Paris and Zurich. The Architecture group consists of three resources having technical skills corresponding to Infrastructure Planning and the Shared Infrastructure Service group. The technical skills for this group are middleware and Web technology. The Information System Solution group is composed of sixty resources that are distributed in five different cities. The cities are Issoire, Paris, Neuf Brisach, Voreppe and Warmley. This group’s major focus is on main SAP Implementation projects among the Engineered Product group. The last group is the Infrastructure Shared Service group which has about forty resources that are all located in 6 different sites. These are Montreal Paris, Singen, Chicago, Warmley, and Voreppe (Dube, Bernier, & Roy, 2009). This group helps in operation of the infrastructure components that include e-mail, global network and data processi ng. The group, as well provides workstation support alongside the collaboration of tools. All these groups are integrated (Foster, 2007). Technological Contributions to the Organization. The plan adopted by the Alcan management team has seen drastic changes in the IT sector of the Alcan organization. The plan has been a corner stone in so far as the implementation of the management services common to the business groups is concerned and the services are now handled by a central organization unit with the support of the internal billing mechanism. The centralization of the IT shared services has gone a long way in promoting economies of scale,

Health Essays Myocardial Infarction Mortality

Health Essays Myocardial Infarction Mortality Myocardial Infarction Mortality 1.0 Introduction In the UK, about 838,000 men and 394,000 women have had a myocardial infarction (MI) at some point in their lives, (NICE clinical guideline 48, 2007). The latest statistics from the British Heart Foundation state that approximately 227,000 people suffer from an acute MI (heart attack) each year (British Heart Foundation Statistics Website). To put this figure in to perspective this equates to one person every 2 minutes. Mortality is at approximately 30% which is 68,100 deaths in the UK per year. The National Service Framework (NSF) for Coronary Heart disease (CHD) is a 10-year programme published by the Department of Health in 2000 and has set key standards for the prevention and treatment of CHD. Access to the right treatment for those who suffer from an AMI, is essential to reduce morbidity and mortality and improve clinical outcomes. People with diabetes mellitus constitute a group of patients who have a higher risk of having an MI and also a poorer prognosis post infarction. The higher death and complication rates appear to be multifactorial but a significant finding in the Diabetes Mellitus Insulin-Glucose Infusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction (DIGAMI) Trial showed to reduce one year mortality by 30% (Malberg et al., 1995). It’s recommended 1.1 Primary Objective To determine the relationship between HbA1c and prognosis of patients in East Lancashire having a myocardial infarction. 1.2 Secondary Objectives To assess the prognosis of patients below the glucose cut off threshold for DIGAMI treatment and whether or not this borderline category falls in to the highest risk group in terms of mortality and morbidity. To determine if there is both a clinical and analytical case to use fluoride oxalate tubes for plasma glucose and HbA1c collection and analysis in East Lancashire. To ascertain the effect of a previous DIGAMI audit conducted in 2006 by the Clinical Audit Team and reflect on any improvements of conformance to the protocol two years later. If there is a significant relationship between HbA1c and prognosis then a risk stratification chart and a more clinically and analytically robust inclusion criteria on to the intensive treatment protocol (DIGAMI Regime) can be determined. This could lead to a better prognosis for a group of patients that fall into a borderline category that are not currently treated under the current protocol who potentially should be depending on the results of this study. 1.3 Cardiovascular Disease 1.3.1 Incidence of CHD The incidence of CHD follows different trends across the UK depending on various factors including regional, socio-economic and ethnic differences. There is a definite North-South gradient, and mortality rates are at the highest in Scotland and the North of England. Social class inequalities in mortality rates show that male manual workers are 58% more likely to suffer premature death from CHD than non-manual workers. Statistics also show that South Asians (Indians, Pakistanis, Bangladeshis and Sri Lankans), are more likely to suffer premature death with figures of 46% for men and 51% for women. This ethnic grouping the highest risk (Figure 1.). The East Lancashire NHS Trust provides a service for over half a million people offering care across four hospital sites. The population of East Lancashire falls into one of the higher risk areas in the UK with local authority statistics for reflecting this fact. Age-standardised death rates per 100.000 in Blackburn with Darwen, Burnley, Rossendale, Nelson and Pendle show that these areas fall into the upper fifth quintile for men and upper fourth and fifth quintile for women (Coronary Heart Disease Statistics 2005). In the Lancashire NUTS-2 area, which includes Blackburn with Darwen Unitary Authorities 93.4% of the 1.41 million residents classified their ethnic group as white British, Irish or other white background. A further 5.3% gave their ethnic group as Asian or British Asian. This figure is 1.3% above the national average. Even more pronounced is when the East Lancashire population is singled out, where the percentage rises to 10.8%. (Appendix ). The sub region of East Lancashire contains the highest proportion of ethnic minorities which is a contributing factor to the high incidence of CHD in addition to the socio-economic differences compared with other regions. Myocardial Infarction 1.4.3 Risk Factors Pathophysiology 1.4.2 Morbidity and Mortality 1.4 Diabetes Although there have been significant advances in the care of many of the extrapancreatic manifestations of diabetes, acute myocardial infarction continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Factors unique to diabetes increase atherosclerotic plaque formation and thrombosis, thereby contributing to myocardial infarction. Autonomic neuropathy may predispose to infarction and result in atypical presenting symptoms in the diabetic patient, making diagnosis difficult and delaying treatment. The clinical course of myocardial infarction is frequently complicated and carries a higher mortality rate in the diabetic than in the nondiabetic patient. Although the course and pathophysiology of myocardial infarction differ to some degree in diabetic patients from those in patients without diabetes, much more remains to be known to formulate more effective treatment strategies in this high risk subgroup. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1992; 20:736-744 Acute myocardial infarction in the diabetic patient: pathophysiology, clinical course and prognosis RM Jacoby and RW Nesto Myocardial function is further impaired in diabetic patients by the metabolic changes that occur in the early stages of myocardial infarction: insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia are induced by release of catecholamines, cortisol, glucagon, and growth hormone.10 At the same time, secretion of insulin by the pancreatic islets is reduced,11 which impairs the ability to compensate for this state of insulin resistance. The combination of low insulin concentrations and elevated catecholamine concentrations increases release of non-esterified fatty acids, which augment myocardial oxygen requirements and depress mechanical performance. 12 BMJ 1996;313:639-640 (14  September) Editorials Insulin infusion in diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction 1.4.1 Pathophysiology Mention stress hyperglycaemia 1.5 Glycated Haemoglobin Glycation is a nonenzymatic process of adding a sugar residue to amino groups of proteins. Normal adult haemoglobin usually consists of Hb A (97%), Hb A2 (2.5%), and HB F (0.5%). HbA1c is one of a group of a minor haemoglobins separated from the major constituent Hb A. It has become the dominant measure of glycated haemoglobin because of improved analytical techniques and ease of routine separation and quantification. HbA1c is formed by the condensation of glucose with the N-terminal valine residue of the haemoglobin ÃŽ ²-chain to form an unstable Schiff base followed by dissociation or a Amadori rearrangement to form the stable ketoamine (Figure ). The glycation of haemoglobin is essentially irreversible and its level depends on the lifespan of a patient’s red blood cell and the blood glucose concentration. Tietz p791 HbA1c is primarily used as an indicator of glycaemic control and used in diabetic monitoring. The feasibility study of the DCCT trial (diabetes control and complications) published in 1993 provided evidence for the much hypothesised opinion that better glycaemic control would decrease long term complications of diabetes mellitus and that the HbA1c test can be used as a measure of this. The UKPDS (U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study) followed on from these findings and conducted the largest clinical research study of diabetes focussing on reducing life-threatening complications by appropriate treatment including maintaining a HbA1c result of 7.0% or below (see section 1.5.1). 1.4.1 Utility of HbA1c Type 2 diabetes can be diagnosed using two different criteria, the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and the 2 hour glucose value of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) which is the ‘gold standard’. The FDG cut-off value of 7.0 mmol/L has been calculated to roughly correlate to the OGTT 2 hour diagnostic value of 11.1 mmol/L and provides greater reproducibility. A major disadvantage to the patient is the requirement to fast prior to both of these protocols. Glycated haemoglobin concentration is an indicator of the average blood glucose level over approximately 90 days. Though the lifespan of a red blood cell is normally 120 days, the contribution of the plasma glucose concentration to glycated haemoglobin differs depending on the time interval, with the largest influence on the HbA1c value being the most recent. It provides a retrospective index of integrated plasma glucose levels and has been suggested to have a role to play in the screening and diagnosis of diabetes in addition to its primary role of monitoring diabetic control. The debate of whether an HbA1c result could be used for diagnosis continues despite the generally accepted argument that the test as a single entity is not sensitive enough to provide definitive cut-off values and determine reference ranges because the values of the two populations; non-diabetics and diabetes overlap. An HbA1c result above the upper reference limit however is specific for glucose intolerance. Another concern is the limitations of the HbA1c result in individuals with abnormal haemoglobinopathies and anaemias, especially when the latter is secondary to haemolysis or iron deficiency (Kilpatrick, 2005). Glycation depends on the lifespan of a patient’s erythrocyte and the blood glucose concentration so in these groups the results will not be accurately representative of metabolic control in comparison to reference ranges based on the general population. 1.4.2 Reason for the Study It is highly unlikely that the HbA1c test will replace routine glucose testing for the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes but it may still have an invaluable role in this area. HbA1c levels may be less influenced by acute stress induced by an ischemic event compared with plasma glucose and therefore could be useful as a tool for differentiating patients with diabetes, and identifying undiagnosed cases in the inpatient setting. Although the increased risk of CHD with type 2 diabetes is universally accepted, a study conducted by Khaw et al. of the general population showed that medically diagnosed diabetes only accounted for 20% of all CVD fatalities. The majority of fatal events came from apparently healthy individuals with a glycated haemoglobin > 6% in the absence of diabetes and this relationship was independent of other risk factors (Khaw et al., 2002). Minor glycometabolic dysregulation may be associated with an increased risk yet this route of research has been poorly explored. If a strong correlation exists then HbA1c could be used as a routine test in the primary prevention of CHD, and patients with suspected acute coronary syndromes can be diagnosed with dysglycemia. In this identified group of individuals, intensive treatment could improve the long term prognosis of the patient. 1.5 Previous Studies DIGAMI 1 and 2 DCCT VA Cooperative Study UKPDS 1.6 Current Situation at the RBH East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust provides a range of health care and acute services to the Boroughs of Blackburn, Burnley, Hyndburn, Pendle, Ribble Valley and Rossendale with a population of approximately 515,000 falling into its catchment area. The primary purpose of the Pathology Department at Blackburn Royal Infirmary is to provide a high quality testing service for the diagnostic, screening and monitoring of patient samples. Recent drivers for change revolve around The Pathology Modernisation Programme which was launched in 1999. This aims at improving the quality and efficiency of NHS pathology services and encourages the introduction of new technologies and practices to deliver high quality patient care and matching capacity with increased demand. England’s National Health Service has embarked on an ambitious program of system reform. The Labour Government has committed to increase NHS spending to implement changes of streamlining services and improving quality of service. One of East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trusts Key Objectives is to streamline diagnostic services and to reduce overheads as part of a Trust wide cost improvement programme. The aim is to work ‘smarter’ rather than ‘harder’ to balance activity with demand. However, current capacity to meet demand is almost at saturation point and we have reached the inevitable point in which processes have to change. 1.6.1 Post MI Management DIGAMI 1.6.2 Laboratory Service to Users The decision of treatment for some patients with a suspected MI can rely on the venous glucose result. It is therefore paramount that the result validated is accurate and precise. 1.6.2.1 Glucose Stability The MI patients treated as per DIGAMI protocol are diabetic patients or non-diabetics with a glucose of >11.1mmol/L. An area of contention is the fact that for inpatients, serum glucose is collected in Startedt S-Monovette ® gel tubes containing no preservative and analysed on the VITROS 5,1 FS chemistry system. The manufacturers’ guidelines state the stability of glucose decreases by approximately 8% for every half an hour prior to separation of the serum from the cells (VITROS datasheet ). Though samples from A+E are dealt with urgently this is a short timeframe from collection to result. Some bloods are taken via a paramedic collection on route to the accident and emergency department and therefore are delayed even longer prior to analysis. The stability of serum glucose is a well known problem hindering the accuracy of results this is the reason that samples arriving from GP surgeries are processed routinely on the Thermo Konelab analyzer using blood collected in tubes containing a fluoride oxalate preservative. It has been discussed to also use such tubes for ward samples, with all glucoses being run on the VITROS analyzer. Up to now the stability issue of hospital samples has not been thought of as a clinical hindrance because they are prioritised and processed sooner than the GP samples and therefore there has been a ‘medically allowed tolerance’ The importance of the admission blood glucose result has come to light as it can be a deciding factor for the inclusion of MI patients on to the intensive DIGAMI treatment protocol, and as a direct consequence, will have a clinical impact on the prognosis of a patient. Due to the glucose being metabolised by the cells and giving a falsely lower result, a group of borderline patients may not meet the inclusion criterion for DIGAMI as a result and have a worse prognosis than they should have. Therefore this is an issue of great clinical importance. This project should indicate to what extent the stability is a problem and approximately how many patients it affects. If the HbA1c result could be utilised as a complimentary test to be used in conjunction with known diabetic status and admission plasma glucose then the inclusion criteria would be both more clinically and analytically reliable. Historically HbA1c analysis is performed by the haematology department on EDTA blood samples for logistical reasons. If analytical stability and comparison studies show that fluoride oxalate tubes can be used accurately and precisely for glucose and HbA1c analysis then one biochemistry tube would be sufficient for both tests. Laboratory practice for diabetic diagnosis and monitoring could then be a leaner process for cascade HbA1c testing in terms of archiving, retrieval and storage of samples. 1.7 Clinical Audit Clinical audit is a quality improvement process which is a component of clinical governance within the NHS introduced to improve patient care through a systematic review against explicit criteria and the implementation of change. Participation is recognized by the General Medical Council as an integral part of good practice and the results should be used to improve the quality of care. The Myocardial Infarction National Audit Project (MINAP) is funded by the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) and is carried out by the Royal College of Physicians (RCP). It was established in 1999 as a method of clinical audit to examine the quality of management of myocardial infarction and shows how hospitals in England and Wales are performing against targets in the NSF for CHD. 1.7.1 Summary of 2006 DIGAMI Audit In 2006, the clinical audit team conducted an audit with one of its’ main objectives being to assess whether the DIGAMI protocol was being adhered to. This was a retrospective study in which the casenotes of 46 patients were viewed and information extracted. These patients were either known diabetics or had a plasma glucose of >11.1mmol, and had presented with cardiac pain. A summary of the baseline characteristics was that over half of the patients were of Asian descent, there was a slight female prevalence and the majority included were known diabetics. They also concluded that the DIGAMI regime was only initiated in 24% of the cases, whereas all 46 patients should have been treated as per current protocol. Another non-conformance to the protocol was the fact that approximately 50% of the patients did not have a venous blood glucose checked by the biochemistry laboratory (Bharucha et al., 2006). The results of this audit will be re-addressed in this study to ascertain the effectiveness of the recommendations and the impact of the results two years on. Reasons for undertaking this project According to estimates there are as many as a third of undiagnosed diabetics (as cited in Greci et al., 2003). The DIGAMI regime is an intensive treatment protocol for the management of myocardial infarction in patients known to have diabetes mellitus or in patients with hyperglycaemia on admission. At East Lancashire NHS Trust, intensive treatment with intravenous dextrose and insulin reduce and control blood glucose levels to between 4-9 mmol/L. Currently, there is a standardised inclusion criterion and treatment protocol rather than a treatment programme which is graded in intensity, and tailored to individual glycometabolic status. Hospital glucoses are analysed using serum collected in Starsedt Monovet 4.2 ml gel tubes. The manufacturers’ guidelines state the stability of glucose could decrease by 7% every half an hour prior to separation of the serum from the cells. Although samples from A+E are dealt with urgently this is a short timeframe. Paramedic collection of samples on route mean even longer time delays before separation.

Plagiarism: A Pestilence in Education Essay -- Plagiarising Education

Plagiarism: The Pestilence in Education When I think of plagiarism, I imagine a person literally stealing from another individual. The term plagiarism is derived from the Latin word plagi rius, which essentially represents the felony of kidnapping. An individual who kidnaps anothers work is a felon. Obviously, this form of larceny is not as immoral as the form for which one can be imprisoned; however, most educators and honest students view plagiarism in this manner. Within education I conceive that there are two kinds of plagiarism: copying a paper word-for-word and not providing the correct recognition to the original author when utilizing their composition. I believe that each situation of plagiarism should be considered serious enough to investigate in order to determine an appropriate consequence. If an individual is not clear on how to cite works properly within the context of an essay, then the omission should be determined non-intentional and, therefore, not subject to punishment. However, if someone deliberately d uplicates somebody elses work, then he or she should be reprimanded. This form of pilfering usually occurs in the higher levels of education, as in high school or college. Steiner 2 When I attended Calabasas High School, I was caught cheating in my tenth grade European History class by my instructor, Mr. White. This offense consisted of giving a fellow student, who sat in front of me, my homework. My friend told me he intended to compare his homework to mine. Not only did my peer betray me and copy my work, but I was punished for being so gullible. This homework assignment was worth two points out of a class that was worth close to three hundred total points. I was awarded a threatening letter sent home... ...rofessors are having a challenging time discovering the offense. The Honor Code Committee modified and modernized the Academic Honor Code in an effort Steiner 8 to elucidate what denotes cheating. The result was a broader, more encompassing definition that was clearly more strict and rigid. With the revised conduct code plagiarism cases have escalated out of control. Perhaps the problem may also be due to the increased drains on students time, in which young adults are trying to work, achieve in school, engage in extracurricular activities, and volunteer. Competition has become fierce, and the result has been an increase in plagiarism. The problem is educators have put more effort into stopping the spread than into understanding the causal factors for the upsurgence. With the increase in plagiarism, educators feel they must have a firm defense against what they see.

Business Environment Essay

Business environment refers to the conditions prevailing in a society in which a business is to be operated. It is defined as the total of all things external to business firms and industries, which effect their organization and operation. The number and scope of environmental factors, which effect business, is broad. There should be included all aspects of our social, scientific, economic, political and cultural life which have some bearing upon business. Relationship of Environment to Business To understand fully the nature of business, its structure, its organization and its behavior, one must look not only at the business properly, but also at the environment within which business operates. More specifically, this means that business exists in surroundings external to its direct or operating components of firms and industries. The significant elements of environment for a business house comprise persons, physical resources and climate, economic and market conditions, altitudes and laws of the land. These elements effect the course of action of the company. Business and its environment interact. In our business-oriented society, business has influenced environmental conditions probably as much as or even more than environmental forces have shaped business. The firm depends upon its environmental conditions for the resources and opportunities necessary for its existence. The environment determines the limits of the firms’ activities. The environment contributes valuable resources to the business firm only if the firm provides the desired goods or services to the environment. A firm must look to public needs and attitudes remain sensitive to human values and alert to the social set up. Good businesses, therefore, are always responsive to the total environment in which they operate. Economic Environment Business is greatly influenced by the economy of the country. Its operational success depends upon an adjustment and meeting the requirements of the economy. The important factors that are to be looked into and effectively handled are: 1. Desires, Customers and Markets The purpose of business is to anticipate desires of people and purpose goods and services accordingly to satisfy them. Let these goods and services so produced be carried effectively to the place of customers. But it is not possible unless businessman produces them at proper time and makes them available to customers at reasonable price. Hence, timing of production and reasonable price. Hence, timing of production and reasonable price of products are important considerations. Further, the intensity of competition existing in the market and the degree of marketing strategies to be adopted also are important points to be considered by a business entrepreneur. 2. Availability Businessmen must assess the source or sources of capital as well as the cost at which it is available. For a developing country like ours, obtaining capital is not so easy. It is definitely a problem as its availability depends upon will and capacity of people to save and invest, existence of good capital and money market, and economic and financial policy of the government etc. 3. Availability of Labour Operational efficiency of a business enterprise greatly depends upon the availability of labour at a reasonable price. If such manpower in the shape of skilled and unskilled workers is sufficiently available to a business according to its requirement and within reasonable wage rate, it can carry on its activities and expect profit. But to get workers at right time and at right price is not so easy. There are many factors that influence their availability. 4. Level of Productivity Productivity at a reasonable level depends upon how the activities are planned, organized, directed and controlled. The use of the latest production techniques, machines, manpower, and motivation and techniques of people to work sincerely and devotedly are some of the requirements to achieve the desired level of productivity. 5. Imaginative Entrepreneurship The success of an entrepreneur depends upon the quality of his imagination and skill. More he is intelligent, imaginative, and farsighted, more he is effective in grabbing the opportunity and playing his role in the economic growth and betterment of people. 6. Qualified and Capable Manager The competent role of managers has greatly improved the efficiency of work operation, reduced cost and enhanced capability to face challenge of competition. The science of management is undergoing a fast improvement in the light of research, study, experiences and observation. Every business enterprise is struggling to avail the benefit of intelligent, qualified, and competent managers. 7. Market Size Market size of a business depends upon its production policy and programme. If its production target is limited, it will have a small market. On the other hand, if it has a large-scale production programme, it has to expand its market. Such business enterprises even go to international markets. Desire to expand the size of market causes them to adopt new marketing strategies and planned efforts to go as deep to different places as possible and create as many customers as it could be. 8. Price Levels and Inflation In case if price level is changing fast, it becomes difficult for a business enterprise to plan its activities that would ensure a reasonable gain. Changing price, levels make the cost of capital, production, distribution, and profit unpredictable and uncertain. But still then we find entrepreneurs coming up with fair guess and estimation to make their business operate with better results and survive the vagaries of changing price levels and inflation. 9. Government Fiscal and Monetary Policy Government collects revenue through taxes, duties, fees etc, and spends the same on administration, public utilities like roads, bridges, canals, buildings, hospitals etc. Greater burden of taxes imposed by the government on people may reduce their ability to save and could affect investment climate. Similarly, monetary policy, which influences supply of money within the country, does also have its impacts on business activities. Central Bank of the country as controller of credit plays its role to regulate money supply together with the government. Social and Cultural Environment Businesses produce goods and services for people who dwell in the society. Thus the number of people, their age and educational composition has great significance for business. What a person buys or the service he consumes is a reflection of his religious and cultural constraints. Thus the cultural religious and ethnic pressures have a vital bearing on the affairs of the business. 1. Population Growth for a businessman, population growth presents both opportunities and problems. Opportunities arise from the fact that there are continually more consumers to buy business output and more workers to produce and sell it. Problems are caused by the fact that as more people want and need jobs, businesses must make them available otherwise the society will have to face the menace of unemployment. 2. Population Composition (a) Age-Wise Composition Different age groups have different demands. Young people are interested in automobiles, musical instruments, sport equipments etc. Older people may be interest in medical care and health, food etc. (b) Education Standard An illiterate population can be easily deceived. Gone are the days of the sellers society. The society where consumers are educated is the buyers society. People can well judge between good and bad and reap the economies of modern technology. (c) Economic Standards Higher income people can afford to satisfy tastes that people of lower incomes cannot. Thus when the medium family income increases, the market for business products and services also expands. (d) Changing Job Opportunities With increased investment in human resources, the opportunities to improve labour productivity are enhanced. The occupational shifts have been towards professional, technical, managerial jobs and in service industries. The opportunities for farm workers, craftsmen, machine operators etc, is declining substantially. 3. Social Attitudes and Beliefs Businesses have to take into account the attitudes, desires, beliefs, tastes, problems and customs of the consumers. These aspects vary in individuals, groups and even nations. Americans hold attitudes like respect for all individuals, strong regard for education, faith in science and technology, belief in innovation, belief in competition, belief in an environment cleansed of air and water pollution, lovable communities with decent housing, safe streets, efficient transportation, educational and cultural opportunities. Such social beliefs have a considerable impact on business climate. 4. Pluralism The society is broken down into many kinds of groups’ consumers, investors, labour organizations, managers, government’s bureaucrats and politicians, religious groups, racial groups etc. In everything that business managers do, they must be alert to this pluralistic feature of the society. While the existence of so many interest groups tends to complicate business operations, they constitute a major safeguard against dominance of the society by any single interest group. Technological Environment There has always been a strong link between business and technology. Any business that wishes to survive in a changing world must be aware of the modern technological changes and also use technology to develop and modernize its products or services, to meet cost competition and to improve marketing. The alert businessman must not only be aware o technological changes affecting his operations and his customs, he needs to forecast the state of the art so that he will have time to use it successfully before he finds his products or processes obsolete. This he must also do so that he is the first one to put up a new product at the suitable time in the market and not lag behind which will be a degrading position in the world of competition. Political Environment Political environment has a great impact on the establishment, operation, growth and expansion of business. Stable political climate makes things more certain and predictable. Businessman fined themselves in a better position to estimate future and plan their business. In other worlds, greater is the political stability, better may be the opportunity for successful business. That is the reason why we often witness flight of capital from the country where there is political instability or where policy of government frequently changes. Legal Environment Every business is encircled by the laws, regulations, and court decisions of the land. Almost each and every decision made by a businessman should be within the permissible limits of laws and regulations of the country. He should know that his action or decision might be subjected to a challenge in the court of law. Thus all decisions and steps should be within the framework of the law of the land. This success depends upon how he meets all legal requirements. We know that in certain cases rules and regulations may be burdensome. But they all aim at creating an atmosphere that is best suited to good conduct of business and protect the interests of customers and workers as well. Social Responsibility in Business A large part of an organization’s response to its environment is called SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY. â€Å"Social Responsibility has been defined as the organization’s obligation to take actions that protect and improve the welfare of the society as a whole, along with advancing its own interests.† Basically business is said to possess this responsibility because of its extreme power to influence societal conditions.

Religion and theology My Self as a Muslim - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 565 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Blue eyes stare back at me. Those blue eyes stare and judge the rest of my being. They zoom in on the blemishes that consume my face and make my nose seem more prominent as well as my bushy eyebrows. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Religion and theology : My Self as a Muslim" essay for you Create order Those blue eyes travel down to my lips just to see the lack of them and make their way to my fully rounded cheeks and wish they could just be normal, as they just take a glance at my body and instantly regrets it as they see a plump body form. Those blue eyes gaze around my body trying to find a perfection, but just end up with the same blue eyes staring right back at my eyes. Those blue eyes are mine. This is me. A true and raw form of how I interpret myself. Some may think its because of my hijab, but little do they know thats the only thing I take pride in. Those blue eyes travel up to my head and fill up with pride because that was my choice. And I feel comfortable and not at any point I will revert my decision. This choice has always impacted decisions I make positively, and the much teachings I get interacting with strong men of faith has guided me to become prosperous the way I am. I have always had the ability to air my views with adequate space to make decisions impacting my life as a Muslim, aspect that makes me take the right path in life. This is what many people lack in order to make sure they pursue their dreams. Yet, Muslim caters for my desires and has always provided me with good advice and views to ensure I did not make negative decisions which could impact my life and make me not to attain the potential as I have done today. First, it has made me have humility as my modest opinion in life. With many teachings of Islam emphasizing the importance of remaining humble, it has taught me to always have this value in every decision I make. Been polite to other people has always made everything I want to achieve in life possible. Muslims greatly emphasize about been polite to everyone we meet in life. I have always kept this virtue of life and have always approached people with greater politeness. This has made me get good responses from people and has seen them accept my requests without necessarily contradicting me. Respecting other peoples lives without considering statuses has remained of help in my life. Without this, I anticipate that much I have achieved with interacting while different people could have failed and thus could not have achieved greater success in life. [bookmark: _GoBack] I have always defended my religion and always find pride while people associated me with Muslims in life. Clearly, this is the best religion for me and has inspired me to achieve greater things in life. The warmth I receive in colleagues here has impacted me with a positive image of my life and continually cultivates positive self-esteem propelling me to overcome challenges which without been proud of this religion could not have made my way through. Clearly, as someone who has achieved greatness in life, I have found pride in my religion and myself which I believe will continue helping me to continue soaring even to greater heights in life.